moskowitz



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet l. M. MOSKOWITZ.

MEANS FOR EQUALIZING BLEGTROMOTIVE FORGE 0F DYNAMOS.

No. 525,993. r y Patented Sept. 11,1894.

LUUUM w|TNEssEs= l Y INVENTOR Mamans Moskow (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

No. 525,993. Patented Sept. 11,1894.

y, IL-eo WITNESSES: INVENTOR M01-371s .I/QOStowj/, t BY WAUW.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

MORRIS MOSKOWITZ, OE NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, T O THE NATIONAL ELECTRIC CAR LIGHTING COM- PA NY.

MEANS FOR EQUALIZING ELECTROMOTIVE FORCE F DYNAMOS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 525,993, dated September 11, 1894.

Application filed June 15,1894. Serial No. 514.690. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern.-

Be it known that I, MORRIS MosKowrTZ, a citizen of the United States, residing at Newark, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and use'- fullmprovements in Means for the Purpose of Equalizing the Electromotive Force of Dynamos or other Electrical Apparatus Running under Variable Speed; and I do hereby de- Io clare the following to loe a full, clear, and eX- act description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and

to letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in machines for generating electricity for electric lighting or any other purpose, where zo electricity is to be used, and has for its oloject to produce an automatic controlling device for the purpose of equalizing the electromotive force of dynamos or other electrical apparatus running under variable speed,

whereby the dynamo or such other electrical apparatus employed will maintain a constant difference of potential at the terminals of the dynamo electric generator.

It is a well-known fact that the electro- 3@ motive force of an ordinary separately excited dynamo varies as the speed of the armature increases or decreases, and to maintain a constant potential, I have devised an electrical apparatus, connected in circuit with the dy- 3 5 namo electric generator, to decrease or increase the intensity of its magnetic field, to make up for the increase or decrease of the speed of its armal ure, with the object in View, that a constant and uniform electro-motive 4o force is maintained in the generating armature. To obtain this result, I construct two electrical machines or apparatus, arranged side by side on one base, having one shaft extending through the armature of both of said machines, one machine acting as a motor to operate said shaft, and receiving its power directly from said dynamo-electric generator, the electro-motive force of which is to be maintained constant, andsaid second machine 5o actingasadynamo-electricmachine,itsarma ture and magnetic field being so coupled with the fields of the dynamo electrical generator that its electro-motive force will oppose that generated by said dynamo generator in the main circuit.

The invention therefore consists of the arrangements and combinations of parts to be hereinafter more fully described and finally embodied in the clauses of the claim.

The invention is illustrated inV the accom- 6o panying sheets of drawings, in Which- Figure lis a diagrammatic view, illustrating the arrangement of a dynamo electric generator in circuit with the electric apparatus, forming a combined generating and regulating dynamo machine, the generating portion of said machine being in circuit with the main circuit connected with the dynamo electric generator. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the combined generating and regulating dynamo- 7o machine. Fig. 3 isa diagrammatic view, similar to that illustrated in said Fig. l, but the generating or motor portion of said regulating apparatus being in circuit with a battery from which it derives its power. Fig. 4t is a 75 detail View of the one end ofthe generating or motor portion of said regulating apparatus, illustrating the armature shaft of the apparatus provided with a pulley-wheel for operating the apparatus mechanically instead of 8o by electricity. V

In said drawings, A indicates the dynamoelectric generator, of any suitable construction for supplying electricity to electric lights a, or other electrical devices in the main cir- 8: cuit a', ot', connected up with the brushes a2 u and oof said generator in the usual manner.

The combined generating and regulating dynamo machine is illustrated more especially in Fig. 2 of the drawings, and consists 9o of a suitable motor B and a suitable dynamo C of any desirable construction, both of which are erected upon the same support or base d.

A combined shaft e, having a constant speed, extends through the armature of said 9 5 motor B and said dynamo C, and on said shaft are the motor brushes b and commutator b at the one end, and the dynamo brushes c and commutator c at the other end of the shaft. Suitable bearings d and cl2 are employed for roo supporting said shalt e on said base d, as shown.

As will be seen from Fig l, the brushes l) ol said motor B are in circuit with the main circuit a', a', by means of the wires 112,02, whereby, as soon as the generator A is operated from any outside source, the electricity generated by said generator A will pass through the wires b2, b2, thereby energizing the fields blof said n1otor]3,and thus driving the armature shaft c, as will be clearly understood. At the same time the brushes c and armature con said shafte will cause the fields ci), c3, of the dynamo O to become eX- cited. One of the brushes c and one of said fields c3 of the dynamo C are in circuit through the wires c2, c2, with the Field coils col, aL ol' the dynamo-electric generator A, as will be seen from Figs. l and 3. Said dynamo O is also constructed that its fields c3, c3, are extended, as will be seen from the several figures of the drawings, being in circuit through the coils c, c, and the wires ci, c5, connected with the main circuit a', a', ot the electric generator A, whereby said circuit is charged by the geuerator A, so that its electro-motive force opposes the electro-motive force from the dyname O sufficiently to control the strength ot' the magnetic elds in said generator A.

In Fig. l, a5 is a shunt circuit, connecting the two brushes a2 and a3 of the generator A, whereby just sufficient electro-motive force is generated in starting up the machinery to start the motor after which it derives its power from the main circuit a", a.

The operation is as follows: Suppose the generator A has been started, deriving its power from any outside source under considerable variation in speed. Said generator A feeds the main circuit and also the motor B in the circuit 02,62, connected with said main circuit a', a', thereby immediately operating the self-regulating dynamo C. New, as the speed of the generator A increases, so will its electro-motive force increase, but at the same time a counter-acting current is created in the dynamo O, its armature having a unil'orm speed, which acts through the circuit wires c2, c2, through the coils a4, a4, and thereby decreases the strength of the magnetic fields of the generator A, and hence immediately reduces the armature output of thegenerator A; but at the same time, the electro-motive force ol said dynamo O, is weakened by the opposing current and the oppesitely wound coils ci, c", excited from the main circuit a', a', will proportionately reduce the strength of the magnetic fields of said regulating dynamo C. rlhus it will be seen that I have devised an automatically operating controlling device, which is very simple and still operative, for the purpose of eqnaliziug the electro-motive force of the dynamo-electric generator A, running under variable speeds, and maintaining a constant difference et' potential at the terminals'of said electric generator. Instead of operating said combined motor and regulating dynamo machine with the current generated by the generator A, said small motor conn cctcd with said regulating dynamo mayhave its operative source in a suitable batteryf, ar ranged in the circuit f, f, as clearly shown in Fig. 3, or the shaft c of the motor ll may be operated by a pulley on said shaft,by mechant cal means from some othersource, as will be evident from the detail view, illustrated in Fig. 4t.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim isl. In a means for the purpose of equalizing the electro-motive force of dynamos or other electrical apparatus running under variable speed, the combination, ol a dynamo electric generator, and a combined motor and regulating dynamo, the armature circuit oi said reg ulating dynamo being in circuit with the magnetic fields ot said dynamo-electric generator, so that the electro-motive force et said regulating dynamo excites and controls the intensity ol` the magnetic fields otsad dynamo-electric machine, and means connected with the combined motor and dynamo shaft for operl ating the same, and an opposing circuit com necting the field coils of said regulating dynamo with the main circuit connected with said dynamoelectric generator, counter-acting the electro-motive force ol' said regulating dynamo to maintain the electro-motive force et' the dynamo electric generator constant, subst-auM tially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. In a means for the purpose of equalizing the electro-motive force of dynamos or other electrical apparatus running under variable speed, the combination, of a dynamo electric generator, and a combined motor and regulating dynamo, comprising therein a combined armature shaft c, a motor armature and brushes, and a dynamo armature and brushes on said shaft, the armature circuit ot' said regulating dynamo being in circuit with the mag netic fields of said dynamo electric generator, so that the electro-motive force of said rcgulating dynamo excites and controls the iutcn sity ot' the magnetic fieldset said dynamo electric generator, and means connected with the combined dynamo and motor shait for operating the same, and an opposing circuit connecting the field coils ol said regulating dynamo with the main circuit connecting with said dynamo electric generator, con nteractin g the electro-motive force of said regulating dynamo, to maintain the electro-motive lorco of the dynamo electric generator constant, substantially as and t'orthe purposes setlorth.

In testimony that I claim the invention set forth above I have hereunto set my hand this 16th day of May, ISO-t.

MOR RIS MOS Il() XV I'lZ.

-Witnesses:

Fucini. (l. FuAuN'rznL, 1I. M. MARSH. 

